5th Grade - Minerals, Rocks and Soil

Quiz

Soild materials that make up the rocks of the Earth's crust are called ______________ .
Minerals always consist of only one element.
1. True
2. False
Mohs' scale is used to determine the _______________ of a mineral.
1. streak
2. hardness
3. cleavage
4. density
Which mineral below would be the hardest?
1. Talc
2. Feldspar
3. Quartz
4. Diamond
One way to test a mineral is to rub it against a hard, rough surface. This will leave a ____________ . The color helps us identify the mineral.
As minerals form, their atoms and molecules fall into fixed patterns to form geometric shapes called ________ .
1. compounds
2. crystals
3. luster
4. density
Check some of the ways minerals form: (Check all that apply.)
1. when magma cools and hardens into a solid.
2. when water heats up.
3. when water cools and the minerals can no longer stay disolved.
4. when ocean water evaporates.
A mineral that contains a useful substance is called an _____________.
Minerals that are valued for being rare and beautiful are called _____________ .
If a mineral has a lot of mass packed into a given volume, we say its density is:
1. high
2. low
Any naturally formed solid in the Earth's crust that is made up of one or more minerals is called a ____________ .
Rocks that form when melted rock cools and hardens are:
1. sedimentary rocks
2. metamorphic rocks
3. igneous rocks
4. fossils
Rocks that are cooled above ground are:
1. intrusive rocks
2. extrusive rocks
When magma cools slowly, crystals
1. take a long time to grow and are large.
2. grow quickly and are small, or they may not grow al all.
Rocks that are made up of small bits of matter joined together are:
1. metamorphic rocks
2. sedimentary rocks
3. igneous rocks
A rock that is formed under heat and pressure from another kind of rock is a
1. sedimentary rock
2. igneous rock
3. metamorphic rock
It takes _______________ years for coal to form.
1. several
2. hundreds of
3. thousands of
4. millions of
Humus in soil is made up of: (Check all that apply)
1. decayed plant material
2. water
3. decayed animal material
4. sand
If you dig down into the soil, you will eventually hit solid ________________ .
Read the following process:

1. Liquid rock, magma and lava cool and crystallize to form igneous rocks.
2. The Igneous rocks, exposed on the Earth's surface experience weathering which produce sediments.
3. These sediments are carried away by erosion.
4. These sediments, sometimes combined with once living things, are deposited, then compacted or cemented into Sedimentary rocks. Other sediments dissolve in water, and when the water evaporates, they form Sedimentary rocks.
5. Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks are acted on by heat and pressure to form new Metamorphic rocks.
6. Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks are forced down into the Earth and melt forming liquid rock.
And then the process starts all over again.

This process is called the ____ ____ .
The Moon is unlivable without special equipment because:
1. there is no air to breath
2. there is no water to drink
3. the surface temperature can be hotter than boiling water.
4. all of the above
The main ingredient in soil is:
1. air
2. decayed animal material
3. decayed plant material
4. weathered rock
When farmers plant different crops so the soil does not use up the same kinds of minerals year after year, they are practicing:
1. strip farming
2. terracing
3. crop rotation
4. contour plowing
Soil may consist of (Check all that apply)
1. weathered rock
2. bedrock
3. humus
4. water
5. air
6. bacteria
Concrete is
1. a naturally formed rock
2. an example of a manmade rock